Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health crisis that affects approximately 850 million people worldwide. It progresses silently in its early stages, often detected only when significant kidney function has already been lost. When kidneys fail completely - end-stage renal disease (ESRD) - patients face a stark choice: dialysis or transplantation.

India's nephrology centres are among the most experienced in the world in managing all stages of kidney disease, from early CKD through dialysis to transplantation. And the cost of nephrology care in India is dramatically lower than in the West - making expert management accessible to patients from across the globe.

DivinHeal integrates nephrology services across the full spectrum of kidney disease, ensuring patients receive appropriate, expert care at every stage.

Understanding Kidney Disease Stages

CKD is classified into five stages based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) - a measure of how well the kidneys are filtering blood. Stages 1-3 are managed with medications, blood pressure control, dietary modifications, and treatment of the underlying cause. Stage 4 (severely reduced function) requires preparation for renal replacement therapy. Stage 5 (kidney failure) requires dialysis or transplantation.

India's nephrologists offer expert management at all stages - with access to the full range of diagnostic tools, medications, and renal replacement therapies.

Haemodialysis

In haemodialysis, blood is pumped from the body through a dialysis machine that filters waste products and excess fluid, then returns the cleaned blood to the body. Sessions typically last 3-4 hours and are required 3 times per week.

For international patients spending an extended period in India for medical care, DivinHeal coordinates access to high-quality dialysis centres for their ongoing sessions. For patients travelling specifically to India for kidney transplant evaluation and listing, dialysis is managed throughout the evaluation process.

Peritoneal Dialysis

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) uses the lining of the abdomen (peritoneum) as a natural filter. Dialysis fluid is introduced into the abdomen through a catheter, left to dwell (absorbing waste products), then drained. PD can be performed at home by the patient or caregiver - offering greater flexibility and independence than haemodialysis.

India's nephrology teams are experienced in PD initiation, catheter insertion, and patient training - providing a home-based option that suits many international patients.

Evaluation for Kidney Transplant

For many patients on dialysis, kidney transplantation offers the best long-term outcome. DivinHeal's kidney transplant services (detailed in a separate blog) begin with a comprehensive transplant evaluation - medical, surgical, and immunological - conducted by India's expert transplant nephrologists and surgeons.

Cost of Nephrology Care in India

A single haemodialysis session in the US costs $300-$500. In India: $30-$60. A nephrologist consultation costs $200-$400 in the UK. In India with DivinHeal: $20-$50.

For patients managing CKD or ESRD on tight budgets, India's nephrology care offers both expertise and financial sustainability.

FAQs

Q1. Can I continue my dialysis sessions in India while being evaluated for transplant?

Yes. DivinHeal coordinates access to dialysis facilities throughout your stay in India for transplant evaluation or any other medical purpose. Sessions are scheduled around your other appointments to minimise inconvenience.

Q2. What is the difference between haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis?

Haemodialysis is performed at a dialysis centre 3 times per week, each session lasting 3-4 hours. Peritoneal dialysis is performed at home by the patient, with exchanges done multiple times per day (CAPD) or overnight using a machine (APD). PD offers more flexibility but requires the patient and a caregiver to be trained in the technique.

Q3. How does DivinHeal help with dialysis access for visiting patients?

DivinHeal identifies dialysis centres near the patient's accommodation or treating hospital and pre-arranges regular slots. The nephrology team at the centre receives a full clinical summary to ensure continuity of care.

Q4. Is there a diet I need to follow while on dialysis in India?

Yes. Dialysis patients require dietary modifications to manage potassium, phosphate, fluid intake, and protein consumption. DivinHeal's partner hospitals provide renal dietitian consultations as part of nephrology care packages, with practical guidance adapted to foods available locally.

Q5. Can CKD progression be slowed with treatment in India? Yes. Aggressive management of blood pressure (with specific nephroprotective agents like ACE inhibitors or ARBs), blood sugar control in diabetics, and newer agents like SGLT2 inhibitors (which have demonstrated significant nephroprotective effects) can meaningfully slow CKD progression. India's nephrologists are up to date with the latest evidence-based approaches.